License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (CC BY 4.0)
When quoting this document, please refer to the following
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.FSCD.2022.13
URN: urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-162946
URL: http://dagstuhl.sunsite.rwth-aachen.de/volltexte/2022/16294/
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Jeandel, Emmanuel ; Perdrix, Simon ; Veshchezerova, Margarita

Addition and Differentiation of ZX-Diagrams

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LIPIcs-FSCD-2022-13.pdf (0.9 MB)

Abstract

The ZX-calculus is a powerful framework for reasoning in quantum computing. It provides in particular a compact representation of matrices of interests. A peculiar property of the ZX-calculus is the absence of a formal sum allowing the linear combinations of arbitrary ZX-diagrams. The universality of the formalism guarantees however that for any two ZX-diagrams, the sum of their interpretations can be represented by a ZX-diagram. We introduce a general, inductive definition of the addition of ZX-diagrams, relying on the construction of controlled diagrams. Based on this addition technique, we provide an inductive differentiation of ZX-diagrams.
Indeed, given a ZX-diagram with variables in the description of its angles, one can differentiate the diagram according to one of these variables. Differentiation is ubiquitous in quantum mechanics and quantum computing (e.g. for solving optimization problems). Technically, differentiation of ZX-diagrams is strongly related to summation as witnessed by the product rules.
We also introduce an alternative, non inductive, differentiation technique rather based on the isolation of the variables. Finally, we apply our results to deduce a diagram for an Ising Hamiltonian.

BibTeX - Entry

@InProceedings{jeandel_et_al:LIPIcs.FSCD.2022.13,
  author =	{Jeandel, Emmanuel and Perdrix, Simon and Veshchezerova, Margarita},
  title =	{{Addition and Differentiation of ZX-Diagrams}},
  booktitle =	{7th International Conference on Formal Structures for Computation and Deduction (FSCD 2022)},
  pages =	{13:1--13:19},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-233-4},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2022},
  volume =	{228},
  editor =	{Felty, Amy P.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/opus/volltexte/2022/16294},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-162946},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.FSCD.2022.13},
  annote =	{Keywords: ZX calculus, Addition of ZX diagrams, Diagrammatic differentiation}
}

Keywords: ZX calculus, Addition of ZX diagrams, Diagrammatic differentiation
Collection: 7th International Conference on Formal Structures for Computation and Deduction (FSCD 2022)
Issue Date: 2022
Date of publication: 28.06.2022

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