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License: Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license (CC BY 3.0)
When quoting this document, please refer to the following
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2016.58
URN: urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-62250
URL: http://dagstuhl.sunsite.rwth-aachen.de/volltexte/2016/6225/
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Lincoln, Andrea ; Vassilevska Williams, Virginia ; Wang, Joshua R. ; Williams, R. Ryan

Deterministic Time-Space Trade-Offs for k-SUM

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LIPIcs-ICALP-2016-58.pdf (0.5 MB)

Abstract

Given a set of numbers, the k-SUM problem asks for a subset of k numbers that sums to zero. When the numbers are integers, the time and space complexity of k-SUM is generally studied in the word-RAM model; when the numbers are reals, the complexity is studied in the real-RAM model, and space is measured by the number of reals held in memory at any point. We present a time and space efficient deterministic self-reduction for the k-SUM problem which holds for both models, and has many interesting consequences. To illustrate:

- 3-SUM is in deterministic time O(n^2*lg(lg(n))/lg(n)) and space O(sqrt(n*lg(n)/lg(lg(n)))). In general, any polylogarithmic-time improvement over quadratic time for 3-SUM can be converted into an algorithm with an identical time improvement but low space complexity as well.

- 3-SUM is in deterministic time O(n^2) and space O(sqrt(n)), derandomizing an algorithm of Wang.

- A popular conjecture states that 3-SUM requires n^{2-o(1)} time on the word-RAM. We show that the 3-SUM Conjecture is in fact equivalent to the (seemingly weaker) conjecture that every O(n^{.51})-space algorithm for 3-SUM requires at least n^{2-o(1)} time on the word-RAM.

- For k >= 4, k-SUM is in deterministic O(n^{k-2+2/k}) time and O(sqrt(n)) space.

BibTeX - Entry

@InProceedings{lincoln_et_al:LIPIcs:2016:6225,
  author =	{Andrea Lincoln and Virginia Vassilevska Williams and Joshua R. Wang and R. Ryan Williams},
  title =	{{Deterministic Time-Space Trade-Offs for k-SUM}},
  booktitle =	{43rd International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2016)},
  pages =	{58:1--58:14},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-013-2},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2016},
  volume =	{55},
  editor =	{Ioannis Chatzigiannakis and Michael Mitzenmacher and Yuval Rabani and Davide Sangiorgi},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl--Leibniz-Zentrum fuer Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{http://drops.dagstuhl.de/opus/volltexte/2016/6225},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-62250},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2016.58},
  annote =	{Keywords: 3SUM, kSUM, time-space tradeoff, algorithm}
}

Keywords: 3SUM, kSUM, time-space tradeoff, algorithm
Collection: 43rd International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2016)
Issue Date: 2016
Date of publication: 23.08.2016

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